Introduction to Artificial Intelligence - Old Questions

6.  Why do we require learning? Explain about learning framework with suitable block diagram and examples.

Learning is acquiring new or modifying existing knowledge, behaviors, skills and may involve synthesizing different types of information.

We require machine learning because of the following reasons:

• Huge computational power is available
• To understand and improve efficiency of human learning.
• To discover new things or structure that is unknown to humans.
• To fill in sketal or incomplete specification about a domain.

Learning Framework:

It consists of the following components:

• Learning element: This element is responsible for making improvements.
• Performance element: It is responsible for selecting external actions according to the percepts it takes.
• Critic: It provides feedback to the learning agent about how well the agent is doing, which could maximize the performance measure in the future.
• Problem Generator: It suggests actions which could lead to new and informative experiences.

Example:

Performance element: turning, accelerating, breaking are the performance elements on road.

Learning element: learn rules for breaking, accelerating, learn geography of the city.

Critic: quick right turn across three lanes of traffic, observes reaction of other drivers.

Problem generator: Try south city road.