Introduction to Artificial Intelligence - Old Questions
9. Why do we require expert system structure? Draw the block diagram and explain it with practical example.
Answer
AI is thinking...
An expert system is a set of program that manipulate encoded knowledge to solve problem in a specialized domain that normally requires human expertise.
An expert system's knowledge is obtained from expert sources and code in a form suitable for the system to use in its inference process.
We require expert system due to the following reasons:
- It provides consistent answer for repetitive decisions, processes and tasks.
- It holds and maintain levels of information.
- It can tackle very complex problems that are difficult for human expert to solve.
- It can discover new knowledge.
- It can work steadily without getting emotional, tensed or fatigued.
- It provides quick and efficient solutions to problem in narrow area of specialization.
Architecture of expert system
Knowledge Base (KB): The component of an expert system that contains the system’s knowledge is called its knowledge base. It contains the rules of in IF-THEN rule. The KB contains the knowledge necessary for understanding, formulating & solving problems. The KB of an expert system contains both declarative knowledge and procedural knowledge.
Inference Engine: It carries out the reasoning by interplaying the information or facts obtained from the user with the knowledge stored in knowledge base whereby the expert system reaches a solution.
Working memory: It is a data structure which stores information about a specific problem.
User Interface: The component of an expert system that communicates with the user is known as the user interface. The communication performed by a user interface is bidirectional. At the simplest level, we must be able to describe our problem to the expert system, and the system must be able to respond with its recommendations.