Statistics II - Old Questions

6. Modern email servers and anti-spam filters attempt to identify spam emails and direct them to a junk folder. There are various ways to detect spam, and research still continues. In this regard, an information security officer tries to confirm that the chance for an email to be spam depends on whether it contains images or not. The following data were collected on n = 1000 random email messages.

Assess whether being spam and containing images are independent factors at 1% level of significance.